当院は、海尻山「醫王院」(いおういん)藥師寺と称します。宗派は天台宗※1です。本山は滋賀県大津市にあります比叡山延暦寺※2になります。信濃神光寺の末寺として、元禄二(1968)年、性海阿闍梨(しょうかいあじゃり)※3によって開山されました。
信濃神光寺は、天長三(826)年、慈覚大師・円仁上人の創建と伝えられ、松原諏方神社の別当寺※4でありました。多くの伽藍と五つの末寺をもつ佐久地方南部の一大霊場として人々の信仰を集めていました。しかし、信濃神光寺は、度重なる厄災や明治の法難により壊滅的な打撃を受けて、廃寺となりました。その折に、信濃神光寺の御本尊(薬師瑠璃光如来)と過去帳などは醫王院へと移されました。信濃神光寺の法灯は、唯一残った末寺である当院へと継承されましたのです。
当院は、その後、信濃五山の慧日山修学院津金寺(つがねじ)の末寺となり、檀徒各家の先祖回向を行う滅罪の道場として今なお、その法脈を伝えております。
- ※1. 天台宗のホームページはこちらになります。
- ※2. 比叡山延暦寺のホームページはこちらになります。
- ※3. 阿闍梨とは、特別な修行を完成した僧侶のこと。インドのサンスクリット語のācārya(アーチャールヤ)の音写。
- ※4. 別当寺とは、神仏習合の信仰が保たれていた江戸時代以前に、神社を管理するために置かれた寺のこと。神前読経など神社の祭祀(さいし)を仏式で行い、その主催者を別当と呼んだことから、別当の居る寺を別当寺といった。
About this temple.
The name of this temple is Umijirisan-“Iouin“-Yakushiji. This temple is under the japanese buddhist sect, Tendai-shu and the head temple of the Tendai buddhist sect, Hieizan Enryaku-ji temple. Iouin-temple was constructed in 1698 as a branch temple of Shinano-Jinko-ji temple by Ācarya Shokai-shonin.
Shinano-Jinko-ji was a historical and important temple in this area. It is said that Jikaku-Daishi, Ennin(794 – 864) built this temple in 826. He is one of the famous priests in Japan and the third leader of the Tendai sect at Enryakuji. In this temple there was the syncretism of Shintoism, which is the ethnic religion of the people of Japan like the animism, and Buddhism performed before the Meiji period and It flourished even further during the period of the Edo Period.
In the beginning of the Meiji Period, the New Meiji Government issued the Ordinance Distinguishing Shinto and Buddhism. By this stupid behavior, a lot of traditional and beautiful temples were destroyed. In addition to this situation, Shinano-Jinko-ji temple had unfortunate accidents, a natural disaster, fire and so on. The principal deity, Yakushi-nyorai, and historical books were transfered to Iouin-temple. Namely, Iouin-temple took over the historical status of Shinano-Jinko-ji temple.
About the Tendai buddhist sect.
The Tendai buddhist sect is one of the Mahayana buddhism sects in Japan. It is often said that Tendai is the most traditional and important sect in Japanese buddhist history. It is well known that there are seven traditional buddhist sects in Japan. Namely, Tendai-shu sect, Shingon-shu sect, Jyodo-shu sect, Jyodoshin-shu sect, Rinzai-shu sect, Soto-shu sect, Nichiren-shu sect. Needless to say, there are also new and huge religious schools in Japan as you might have heard before but these sects aren’t traditional. Among all, Tendai sect holds a special position in the traditional buddhist sects.
About Hieizan-Enryaku-ji temple
The head temple of the Tendai buddhist sect is Hieizan Enryaku-ji temple. Hieizan, literally Mount Hiei is a mountain to the northeast of Kyoto prefecture. Enryaku-ji temple was constructed on the top of Mount Hiei in 788 by Saichō who is the founder of the Tendai sect. Hieizan Enryaku-ji is called “the Mother Mountain of japanese buddhism”. Because Most traditional buddhist founders studied at Hieizan Enryaku-ji temple before starting their own practices. Namely, Jyodo-shu sect’s founder Honen, Jyodosin-shu sect’s founder Shinran, Rinzai-shu’s founder Eisai, Soto-shu’s founder Dogen, Nichiren-shu’s founder Nichiren had stayed and studeid at Hieizan Enryakuji-temple. they were educated at Hieizan Enryaku-ji and by the Tendai sect. So, Hieizan Enryaku-ji and the Tendai sect are considered to possess a special position as “Mother of Japanese buddhism”.